Oil pump



E. M. SCOVILLE OIL PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 9. 1922 I. III

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E. M. SCOVILLE OIL PUMP Filed June 9. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 62 zlllllk 6 dm/ MW A-r-r 1: N 5% Dec. 25, 1928.

E. M. SCOVILLE' OIL PUMP Filed June 9, 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 5 TEF5Q INVEN'T'EI ATTIZIRNEY Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

UNITED STATES EUGENE M. SCOVILLE, OF MILWAUKEE,

WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF 1'0 FLOYD L. SWANBERG, OF DANVILLE, ILLINOIS. i

OIL PUMP.

Application med June 9,

This invention relates in-general to improvements in the art of transporting liquid such as lubricant from one locality to another, and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and operation of sight-flow lubricating apparatus embodying a pump for distributing oil to bearings or other points of utilization.

A general object of the invention is to provide improved lubricating apparatus which is simple in construction and efiicient in-operation. Another general object of the invention is to provide a combined sight-flow indicator and liquid distributing pump, which is compact in structure and the various elements of which are readily accessible and removable.

It has heretofore been common practice in the art of lubrication, to utilize sight-flow lubricators for the purpose of maintaining proper lubrication of bearings, such a lubricator comprising generally a pump adapted to urge oil from a reservoir through a sightflow indicator to the point of utilization.

The prior sight-flow lubricators of this general type are often arranged in nests oftwo or more independent pumps having common driving mechanism and a common oil supply reservoir, each of the pumps delivering oil from the reservoir through its own independent sight-flow indicator and discharge pipe. With such a plural arrangement of the lubricator units, it is frequently desirable to remove one of the pumps or some other element of a unit, without in any manner disturbing or interfering with the operation of others. The prior sight-flow lubricating apparatus does not permit such independent removal of the essential elements of the individual units, being extremely objectionable for this reason.

The present invention contemplates the provision of numerous improvements in the construction and operation of sight-flow lubricating apparatus, whereby the cost of manufacture is reduced to a minimum, and whereby any unit or various elements of each unit may be removed or replaced without disturbing other units or other elements of the same unit. In a device embodying the present invention, a pump may be removed and replaced without disturbing its own discharge pipe and without reducing the pressure in the discharge line. The invention moreover provides for free removal and re- 1922. Serial No. 567,064.

placement of a sight-flow indicator glass without interferingv with the operation of the pump. The invention also provides for ready access to the. various flow control valves, for convenlent adjustment of the pump stroke and other mechanism, and for improved mounting of and mechanism for operating the various elements.

A clear conception of one embodiment of the several novel features of the present invention, and of the operation of devices constructed in accordance therewith, may be had by referring to the drawings accompanying and formmg a part of this specification, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various, views.

Fig. 1 1s a central vertical section through an improved oil pump and a transverse vertical section through an oil supply reservoir, showing a fragment of the .intermittent pump actuating mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through an oil supply reservoir and pump actuating mechanism, showing the manner of mounting a plurality of independent oil pumps relatively to the supply reservoir and actuating mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a top view of a plurality of oil pump units and of the supply reservoir and actuating mechanism therefor.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal section through an oil pump, reservoir casing and discharge pipe, the section being taken along the line 1VIV of Fig. 1, looking downwardly.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through a pump plunger, strokeadjuster and inlet pipe, the section being taken directly above the plunger actuating head of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through an oil pump, the section being taken along the line VIVI of Fig. 1, looking downwardly.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the intermittent pump actuating mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary top view of the intermittent pump actuating mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section through a pump frame taken directly adjacent totheipump stroke adjusting mechanism.

- The sight flow lubricating apparatus illustrated in the drawing comprises in general, a stationary casing 2' and removable cover 22 PIOXlCllIIg an enclosed oil supply reservoir of suitable. capacity; pump actuating or driving mechanism mounted in a lower portion .of the casing 2; a plurality of independent compound pumping units supported by the cover 22 and casing 2 and operatively associated with the driving mechanism within the oil reservoir; and a plurality of independent oil discharge pipes 6 rigidly attached to the easing 2 and adapted to receive oil from the pump units and to distribute the oil under pressure to sources of utilizatlon.

The stationary casing 2 is pI'OVldGdfltltS bottom with a heater 13 whereby steam or other heating agency may be utilized to maintain the oil 31 within the supply reservoir in proper fluent condition. The oil 31 which may completely or partially fill the supply reservoir, may be withdrawn from the casing 2 upon removal of the drain plug 7( The oil 31 is normally supplied to the interior of the casing 2 either intermittently or continuously through a filter 60 associated with the casing cover 22. The cover 22 which 1s preferably formed of sheet metal with the aid of dies, is clamped to the casing 2 and serves as a direct means of support for the pump units and for the filter 60. The cover 22 is provided with a continuous upwardly extending ridge 23 adjacent to each of the open: ings through which the pump units extend into the oil reservoir, and is also provided with a similar ridge 69 adjacent to the filter 60, these ridges 23, 69 serving to prevent entry of undesirable substances to the supply reservoir.

The common pump actuating or driving mechanism which is immersed within the oil 31 in the casing 2, comprises a rotary horizontal drive shaft 8 mounted in combined stuffing boxes and bearings 66, 67 secured to the opposite side walls of the casing 2, and having ends projecting outwardly beyond the supporting bearings. One end of the rotary shaft 8 is formed to receive a hand crank 68 whereby rotary motion may be imparted to the drive shaft 8 for priming and other purposes. The opposite end of the rotary drive shaft 8 is embraced by a relatively rotatable sleeve 63 the outer end of which is formed to receive either a rock arm 65, or a pulley, or gearing, or other mechanism adapted to impart either intermittent oscillatory or continuous rotary motion to the sleeve 63, and the interior of which forms a journal for the adjacent end of the shaft 8, see Figs. 2, 7 and 8. The inner end of the sleeve 63 may be provided with a pawl carrier bracket 62 to which a spring pressed driving pawl 61 is pivotally attached. The driving pawl 61 is adapted to engage the side teeth of a ratchet wheel 12 which is rigidly attached to the shaft 8 and which also has peripheral teeth. The pawl 61 is capable of continuous revolution when imparting continuous rotation to the ratchet wheel 12. An idler pawl 28 mounted upon a pivot 42 supported by a bracket which 'is detachably attached to the bottom of the casing 2, is adapted to engage the peripheral teeth of the ratchet wheel 12 in order to prevent reverse rotation of the ratchet wheel when the driving pawl 61 is retracted. The medial portion of the drive shaft 8 is formed of polygonal across-section and carries a plurality of laterally spaced pump actuating ,eccentrics 10 having polygonal openings closely fitting the adjacent drive shaft section. The eccentrics 10 are held in proper spaced relation upon the shaft 8 by means of spacers 64 formed as sleeves which also snugly fit the polygonal portion of the drive shaft. The eccentrics 10 are preferably angularly spaced about the axis of the shaft 8 in such manner that the drivng forces are uniformly distributed during rotation of the shaft 8. It will be obvious, that while both continuously and intermittently operable drive mechanisms are described, only one of these alternate forms of drive will be utilized at a time. It will also be obvious that the drive shaft 8 is freely endwise removable from within the bearings 66, 67, the ratchet wheel 12, the sleeves 63, 64 and the eccentrics 10 to eflect complete dismantling of the driving mechanism.

Each of the independent compound pumpmg units comprises a low pressure pump plunger 5 having a plunger actuating head 27 formed integral with the lower extremity thereof and directly engaging an adjacent actuating eccentric 10, and having ahigh pressure pump plunger 11 of smaller diam-.

eter formed integral with the upper extremity thereof. The compound plunger 5, 11 is vertlcally reciprocable in alined bores of a pump frame 3, the frame 3 being detachably clamped against the cover 22 and casing 2 by means of a removable discharge valve casing 20 and a removable'set screw 21. The compound plunger 5, 11 is urged toward the adjacent driving eccentric 10 by means of a helical compression spring 39 the lower end of which coacts with the plunger actuating head 27 and the upper end of which reacts against the adjacent frame 3. The actuating head 27 has a bifurcated lateral projection 32, the bifurcations of which extend in close proximity to a pump stroke adjuster comprlslng a rod 9 adjustably supported by the adjacent frame 3 and having a lower end.

formed as an abutment 26 engageable with a lower surface of the pump head projection 32 to limit the downward movement of the compound plunger 5, 11, see Figs. 1, 3 and 9. The upper extremity of the rod 9 is threaded and extends through an opening n the frame 3. A manually operable adusting nut 25 coacts with the threaded end of the rod 9 and permits convenient adjustment of the pump stroke from the exterior of the casing 2 and cover 22. The rod 9 is provided with a medial oflset which prevents rotation of the rod, and is urged downwardly to maintain contact between the nut 25 and the frame 3 by means of a helical compression spring 24 the lower end of which coacts with a transverse pin penetrating the rod 9, and the upper end of which reacts against a lower surface of the frame 3.

The low pressure pump plunger 5 of each pump unit, is adapted to withdraw oil 31 from the supply reservoir through a vertical suction pipe 4 attached to the adjacent frame 3, and through a horizontal conduit 40 formed within the frame 3, see Figs. 1 and 6. The lower end of the suction pipe 4 carries an inlet valve casing 71 located closely adjacent to the bottom of the casing 2 and having an inlet opening protected by a strainer 30. A pair of ball inlet valves 14, 29 are arranged in series within the inlet valve casing 71. The low pressure plunger 5 of each pump unit is adapted to deliver oil 31 past a discharge valve 19 through a passage 38 formed in the frame 3 and through an overflow pipe 47 secured to the frame 3, to a sight flow indicator. The discharge valve 19 is of the ball type and is urge-d against its seat by means of a spring which reacts against a removable screw plug 37.

The sight flow indicator comp-rises a downwardly directed nozzle 51 communicating with the overflow pipe 47, a. bracket 57 secured to the frame 3 below the nozzle 51 and having an annular upper recess 56 coaxial with the nozzle, and a transparent tube 7 fitting within the recess 56 and extending above the lower end of the nozzle 51. A retaining cap 49 having a relatively large vent opening 50 adjacent to the nozzle 51, en-' gages the upper end of the tube 7 and is urged against the tube by means of a coil spring 48. The opening 50 establishes atmospheric pressure in the conduit 38, in the overflow pipe 47 and in the tube 7., The spring 48 is compressible to such extent as will permit complete withdrawal of thelower end of the tube 7 from the recess 56, and subsequent'free lateral removal of the tube 7. A strainer 52 may be located at the discharge of the sight flow indicator, which discharge is formed in the bracket 57.

The igh pressure pump plunger 11 of each pump unit is adapted to receive oil 31 from the adjacent sight flow indicator past a spring pressed valve 18 having a seating in the bracket 57, see Figs. 1 and 4. The plunger 11 discharges oil past an initial ball discharge valve 17 into a conduit 43 communicating with a passage 59 formed in the intermediate discharge valve casing 20.- The initial ball valve 17 is urged against its seat by means of a spring which reacts against a removable screw plug 36. The removable discharge valve casing 20 is preferably provided with several intersecting passages 59 pressed ball typle,

movable'valve cage '35 secured to an integral portion 33 of the casing 2 and controls the delivery of oil to the discharge and distributing pipe 6. This disposition of the discharge valves 15, 16 provides for convenient removal thereof with the aid of an ordinary wrench and screw driver.

Each of the final discharge pipes '6 is rigidly but removably attached to the portion 33 of the stationary casing 2-, by means of an elbow 34 and a union 41. The pipes 6 may communicate with any suitable source of oil utilization, such as a bearing. By attaching the pipes 6 directly to the casing 2 rather than to the pump frames 3, the pumps and the various elements associated therewith may be freely removed withoutinterfering with the discharge pipes 6.

Each of the compound pump units is also provided with relief mechanism comprising a high pressure relief valve 53, a bracket 58, an overflow pipe 46, a sight flowindicator and a return passage 45. The valve 53 controls the delivery of oil from the conduit 43 to the overflow pipe 46' through the openingin the bracket 58, and is set to open only when abnormal pressure is established in the conduit 43; The sight flow indicator of the re-- lief mechanism consists of a removable transparent tube 44 the lower end of which is located in an annular recess formed in the frame 3, and the upper end of which is engaged by a cap 55 urged downwardly by a coil spring 54. The interior of the tube 44 is in communication with the atmosphere and the tube is readily removable by compressing the spring 54. The return passage 45 leads directly to the oil reservoir within the casing'2, so that any oil passing through the relief mechanism is delivered into the supply reservoir. I

During normal operation of the apparatus, the supply reservoir is provided with anabundant supply of oil 31, and the elements are assembled as indicated in the drawings. Rotary motion is then imparted to the main drive shaft 8, either by means of the continuously rotating gearing, or by means of the intermittently oscillating rock arm 65. As the low pressure plunger 5 moves downwardly under the influence of the spring 39, oil is withdrawn from the supply reservoir past the valves 29, 14 and fills the suction pipe 4 and the conduit 40. The downward motion of the plunger 5 is limited by the abutment 26 of the stroke adjusting rod 9, motion of the pump plunger being momentarily arrested as the plunger head 27 engages the abutment 26. As the actuating eccentric 10 continues llu lid

its rotation, it eventually reengages the arrested plunger head 27 and raises the plunger 5 awayfrom the abutment 26 at the same time compressing the spring 39. During upward movement of the plunger 5, some of the oil confined within the conduit 40 is forced past the low pressure discharge valve 19 through the conduit 38 and pipe 47 to the nozzle 51. The oil delivered downwardly from the nozzle 51 through the transparent tube 7 is plainly visible through the tube 7. As the high pressure plunger 11 moves downwardly simultaneously with the plunger 5, the oil delivered from the sight flow indicator is drawn past the high pressure, inlet valve 18 into the high pressure pump chamber. The plunger 11 in moving upwardly simultaneously with the plunger 5, forces the oil previously confined in the high pressure pump chamber past the initial discharge valve 17 through the conduit 43 and ast the intermediate and final discharge va ves 16, 15 respectively, into the final discharge pipe 6. It will thus be noted that as the rotation of the shaft 8 and of the eccentrics 10 is continued, the pump plungers 5, 11 automatically and intermittently withdraw batches of oil 31 from the supply reservoir and deliver the oil through the sight flow indicator into the final discharge pipes 6. The operation of all of the compound pumping units is identical, except that the timing of the sequence of events is dependent upon the position of the driving eccentric 10 relatively to the shaft 8.

If for any reason, the discharge pressure in one of the discharge pipes 6 becomes abnormal thus preventing opening of the intermediate and final discharge valves 16, 15 except by establishing abnormally high pressure in the conduit 43, the safety relief mechanism will automatically function. As the pressure in the conduit 43 becomes sutliciently high to raise the relief valve 53 against the action of the adjacent spring, oil is forced through the overflow pipe 46 and transparent tube 44 and back into the supply reservoir through the return passage 45. The purpose of the sight flow indicator in the relief mechanism is to inform an attendant of abnormal conditions of operation, so that the cause may be eliminated.

The capacity of the individual pump units may be readily varied by adjusting the pump stroke with the aid of the adjusting nut 25. The sight flow indicator tubes 7, 44 may be readily removed and replaced, without interrupting the operation of the pumps. The individual pump units may be quickly detached from the cover 22 and easing 2 by merely removing the intermediate valve (asing 20 and retaining screw 21, after which the unit is freely vertically removable. Every valve is readily accessible and removable, and any one of the units may be entirely removed without interfering with the pressure in the corresponding discharge pipe 6, due to the location of the final discharge valves 15 in the portion 33 of the stationary casing 2. The various conduits and oil passages may be readily formed with drills and jigs thereby reducing the cost of manufacture to a minimum and enabling interchangeable construction of the various elements' The driving mechanism is of compact and durable construction and pernnts location of the pump units closely adjacent to each other. The entire mechanism is extremely simple and compact in construction and eflicient in operation, and presents an exceedingly neat and mechanical appearance.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction and of operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. In (ombination, a casing forming a liquid reservoir, a final discharge valve located within an integral portion of said casing, and a pump unit comprising a cylinder and a plunger detachably associated with said casing, said unit being adapted to urge liquid from said reservoir past saidvalve and being removable from said casing without permitting return of liquid to said reservoir from the discharge side of said valve.

2. In combination, a casing forming a liquid reservoir, a plurality of final discharge valves located within an integral portion of said casing, and a pump unit comprising a cylinder and a plunger adapted to urge liquid from saidrcscrvoir past each of said discharge valves, each of said units being re movable from said casing independently of the others and without permitting return of liquid to said reservoir from the discharge side of said discharge valves.

3. In combination, a casing, a pump plunger reciprocable within said casing,-a rotary eccentric for moving said plunger in one direction, a spring for urging said plunger to- Ward said eccentric, an adjusting rod comprising parallel eccentric end portions one of which is engageable with said plunger to limit the movement thereof toward said eccentric, the other end portion of said rod penetrating said casing and. cooperating therewith to prevent rotation of said rod during adjustment thereof, and a spring for urging said rod in one direction.

4. In combination, a casing, a pump plunger reciprocable within said casing, a rotary eccentric engageable with said plunger to move the same in one direction, means for urging said plunger toward said eccentric, and means for limiting the movement of said plunger toward said eccentric, said means comprising a rod having relatively eeer and the other of which penetrates said casing, means associated with the end of said rod projecting from within said casing for adjusting the position of said rod relative-- ly to said casing, and a spring for urging said rod in one direction.

5. In combination, a pumphaving a frame, a reservoir forming a direct support for said pump frame, a discharge valve for said pump, and a removable. casing providing a housing for said discharge valve, said casin'g constituting means for clamping said pump frame directly to said reservoir.

6. In combination, a pump having a frame, a reservoir forming a direct support for said pump frame, a plurality of discharge valves for said pump, and a removable casing providing a housing for one of said discharge valves, said casing constituting means for clamping said pump directly to said reservoir.

7; In combination, a pump having a frame, three discharge valves for ,said pump ar-' ranged in series, and a removable casing for the intermediate of said discharge valves, said casing constituting means for clamping said frame in position.

8. In combination, a casing forming a liquid reservoir, a final discharge valve'lorated within an integral portion of said casing, a pump unit detachably-associated with said casing, and a sight flow indicator associated wit said unit,said unit being adapted to urge liquid from said reservoir through said indicator and past said valve and being removable from said casing without permitting return of liquid to said reservoir from the discharge side of said valve.

' 9. In combination, a casing forming a liquid reservoir, a valve located within an integral-portion of said casing, a pump unit detachably associated with said casing, and means providing a final discharge conduit for said unit communicable with said valve,

said unit being adapted to urge liquid from f said reservoir to said discharge conduit past said valve, and being removable from said casing without permitting escape of liquid from said discharge conduit past said valve.

10. In combination, a casing forming a liquid reservoir, a discharge valve'located within an integral portion of said casing, a pump unit comprising a cylinder and a plunger detachably associated with said casing, and driving mechanism for said plunger permanently secured to said casing below the normal liquid level in said reservoir, said unit being operable by said mechanism to urge liquid from said reservoir past said valve and being removable from said casingand said mechanism without permitting escape of liquid toward said reservoir past said valve.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is aflixed hereto.

EUGENE M. 'SCOVILLE. 

